A Humorous Illustration of the Nature of Concepts (optional material)
The nature of concepts is vividly illustrated by the following humorous anecdote (possibly from George Bernard Shaw, although the attribution may be apocryphal).

     A certain gentleman inquired of a lady whether she would be willing to sleep with him for 50,000 pounds. After some hesitation, the lady replied that she supposed she would, in consideration of the magnitude of the offer. Then he asked whether she would sleep with him for twopence.

     "Certainly not," she responded with indignation. "Just what kind of lady do you think I am?"

     "Madam, I believe we have already established that," he remarked calmly. "Now we are just haggling over the price."

The units of the concept "prostitute" (a sub-concept of "human") are distinguished by the characteristic of "willingness to provide sexual services in exchange for money." As the gentleman in the anecdote evidently realized, specific measurements (how much money, what quantity of sexual services) are omitted in determining which units are subsumed under the concept.

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