It makes little difference to our analysis whether the penalties for noncompliance with the minimum-wage legislation are imposed on buyers (employers) or sellers (employees). In either instance, if the penalties are sufficiently harsh to obtain such compliance, then the market consequences are the same: employers must retrench a portion of their business, while some workers are forced into unemployment. The law directly interferes with the maximization of subjective value by both employers and employees, and thus represents an initiation of force against both parties, according to our concept of force as developed earlier (p. 4.5:8).