Either X
b <
tY
a (Case 1), or else X
b tY
a (Case 2).
Case 1 (X
b <
tY
a): Let
X
a be any positive quantity less than X
b.
Let Yb = Xa/t. (Thus t = Xa/Yb.)
Therefore 0 < Yb = Xa/t < Xb/t < (tYa)/t = Ya.
Case 2 (X
b tY
a): Let
Y
b be any positive quantity less than Y
a.
Let Xa = tYb. (Thus t = Xa/Yb.)
Therefore 0 < Xa = tYb < tYa Xb.